Dermatologist consultation

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Main functions of the skin

The skin has a complex multilayer structure, which consists of three main layers:

• Epidermis — the outer layer that protects the body from external influences.
• Derma — the middle layer that is responsible for the elasticity of the skin and contains blood vessels, nerves and hair follicles.
• Subcutaneous fat — the inner layer that provides thermoregulation and energy supply.

Main functions of the skin:

1. Protective — a barrier against ultraviolet light, bacteria, viruses and mechanical damage.
2. Regulatory — temperature control body and metabolism.
3. Receptor — perception of tactile, pain and temperature stimuli.
4. Aesthetic — individual texture and shade give a person a unique appearance.

What diseases does a dermatologist treat?

A dermatologist treats a wide range of diseases. Skin pathologies not only affect the appearance, but can also indicate internal disorders of the body. The most common diseases that people consult a dermatologist for:

• Acne (acne).
• Seborrheic dermatitis.
• Eczema and psoriasis.
• Allergic reactions and contact dermatitis.
• Fungal infections (mycoses).
• Viral diseases (papillomas, herpes).
• Rosacea (rosacea-like dermatitis).
• Skin neoplasms (moles, warts).
• Hair loss (alopecia).

When to see a dermatologist

Dermatological problems often occur suddenly and can cause discomfort. Here are the main reasons for seeing a dermatologist:

• Rashes of various types (erythema, papules, pustules).
• Itching, burning or soreness of the skin.
• Peeling or cracks on the skin.
• The appearance of new growths (moles, warts, papillomas).
• Unpleasant odor or change in skin color.
• Excessive dryness or oiliness of the skin.
• Problems with hair (brittleness, loss) or nails (deformation, fungus).

How does a dermatologist consultation take place?

A dermatologist consultation consists of several stages:

1. Initial history taking: the doctor asks about symptoms, lifestyle, chronic diseases and allergies.
2. Skin examination: assessment of the condition of the skin, hair, nails and mucous membranes.
3. Diagnostics: if necessary, the doctor may prescribe additional examinations (tests, biopsy, dermatoscopy).
4. Treatment recommendations: after the diagnosis is established, therapy is prescribed.

Methods of treating skin diseases

The following treatment methods are used in modern dermatology:

• Pharmacotherapy: antibiotics, antiviral and antihistamine drugs, hormonal agents.
• Topical treatment: ointments, creams and gels with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory or moisturizing effects.
• Physiotherapy: laser therapy, phototherapy, magnetotherapy for the treatment of acne, dermatitis, psoriasis.
• Cosmetological procedures: peels, mesotherapy to improve skin condition.
• Removal of neoplasms: laser, cryodestruction or surgically.

How to prepare for a dermatologist consultation

For the most effective consultation it is necessary:

• Do not use decorative cosmetics on the day of the appointment.
• Do not apply medicinal ointments or creams to the affected areas.
• Prepare a list of medications you are taking.
• In the event of the appearance of neoplasms, pay attention to their dynamics (enlargement, color change).

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