Oncology

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What does an oncologist treat?

An oncologist specializes in the detection, treatment, and prevention of benign and malignant tumors. Tumors can occur in any organ or tissue — skin, bones, internal organs, hematopoietic or lymphatic system, or central nervous system.
The most common nosologies that an oncologist works with include:
cancer of the stomach, colon, and small intestine

• neoplastic tumors of the liver, bile ducts, and pancreas
• tumors of the small pelvis
• lymphomas, sarcomas, leukemias
• benign tumors that require observation or surgical intervention

An oncologist also accompanies patients after treatment, monitors the course of the disease, evaluates the effectiveness of therapy, and prevents relapses.

When should you see an oncologist?

A visit to an oncologist can be planned or urgent. There are screening programs to detect asymptomatic cancer in risk groups:
low-dose CT of the lungs (for smokers)

• gastroscopy and colonoscopy (in case of hereditary predisposition)
• cytological examination of the cervix (for women over 40 years of age)

You should also immediately consult an oncologist if the following symptoms appear:
blood in the stool, vomit or sputum

• unexplained enlargement of the lymph nodes
• uterine bleeding of unclear etiology
• general weakness, rapid weight loss, loss of appetite

The cancer process often develops slowly – from the first mutated cell to the detection of a tumor, 1–10 years may pass. That is why early diagnosis saves lives.

How is an oncologist’s consultation?

The first visit to an oncologist includes:

• detailed collection of anamnesis and complaints
• examination and assessment of the general condition
• analysis of previously performed studies
• formation of a preliminary clinical conclusion
• prescribing the necessary examinations (ultrasound, CT, MRI, biopsy, etc.)

In complex cases, an individual diagnostic and treatment plan is drawn up, taking into account the type of tumor, stage, concomitant diseases and the general condition of the patient.

Diagnostic methods in oncology

The medical center uses modern methods of detection neoplasms:

• Ultrasound-guided biopsies of abdominal organs
• laboratory tests (tumor markers, general tests)
• CT, MRI, endoscopic studies

• morphological examination of tissues

The choice of diagnostic methods depends on the localization, size of the tumor and the clinical situation. If necessary, the doctor may involve specialized specialists.

Result after treatment

The effectiveness of treatment directly depends on the stage of the disease and the time of seeking medical attention. With early detection of many types of tumors, full recovery is possible.
In cases of later diagnosis, the oncologist guides the patient with the aim of achieving long-term remission, controlling symptoms and improving the quality of life.

Oncology today is not a sentence. Thanks to a multidisciplinary approach, modern diagnostics and individualized treatment regimens, patients have a chance for an active, fulfilling life even with a chronic form of the disease.

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